The global food system has proven very efficient at extracting calories from the ground. But unfortunately, agricultural output growth is slowing relative to the population. With damaging effects on the environment, world nutrition, and equity, the system needs a reboot. Here are the biggest problems with the current arrangement and propose some solutions.
The current global food system has been a disaster for the environment, and it promises to become more severe as the demand for food rises with the population. Food production consumes more water, nutrients, and fossil fuels than most other human activities combined. Even if the rate of resource consumption decreases relative to the global food requirement, the total drain will be astronomical.
Resources aside, the global food system releases over 70% of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. Moreover, chemical herbicides and pesticides pollute eroded land and vulnerable water, posing serious health risks to animals and humans. Finally, studies have shown that we consume many of these chemicals when we eat produce treated with them.
Industrial farming produces low-quality nutrition. The total number of calories is high enough to sustain a large population but not a healthy one. Monocropping gives the land no time to recover nutrients, and most livestock consumes feed it would not eat in nature. Therefore, much of our food is nutritionally deficient.
Even if our current system would provide nutrient-dense food, it will not be able to feed an estimated 9.6 billion people by 2050. This is because we have become more efficient in extracting calories from the Earth; however, the growth rate is slowing down. Using food crops for non-food projects like biofuels further exacerbates the problem.
A small number of huge corporations dominate the global food system. They can afford engineered seeds and ultra-efficient equipment and still undercut smaller competitors. This arrangement prevents millions of people worldwide from equitable access to healthy foods and keeps many from entering the food production industry.
In addition to access, the current system distributes innovation inequitably. The fruits of technological advancement are only enjoyed on a large scale in affluent societies. Therefore, poorer countries cannot keep up. As a result, they are less likely to export their goods, and their economies and public health suffer.
Moving to a circular food production system would mitigate many environmental and social problems compounded by our current methods. The circular model favors arrangements that deindustrialize food production, relying on renewables and cutting emissions. Moreover, a circular model prioritizes local distribution systems that benefit workers and farm owners.
Unfortunately, most people do not know what a circular food system entails, and the "big ag" companies have little incentive to invest in or research circular technologies and methods. Therefore, we need to reform the incentive structure, providing education and regulation to convince these companies that a circular model is in their best interest.
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Increasing the production of nutrient-dense foods would do wonders for human health and local environments worldwide. Sustainable and circular agricultural practices would preserve the health of arable soil, decrease pollution, and increase food quality.
Furthermore, such practices tend to benefit areas that have suffered the most from a lack of good nutrition. For example, in places like impoverished urban centers in the U.S. and Europe, nutrient-dense foods will help alleviate disproportionately high rates of obesity, diabetes, and heart disease among people of color.
As local food production grows and benefits smaller economies, they can afford more technological innovations that can increase the total number of calories extracted from the ground without harming the environment or nutritional quality.
Over half the world's population growth between now and 2050 will occur in sub-Saharan Africa and Central Asia. Investing in innovation to produce nutritionally and calorically dense food in places like them is a much more effective proposition than growing more staples for biofuel. Furthermore, it will bring a more robust food production system to the areas that will suffer most without one.
Equitable investments and policies also have a part to play in increasing access to the food production industry. Particularly in the U.S., people of color have faced systemic discrimination when seeking agricultural employment and applying for business loans. Since urban and vertical farming are in their infancy, they are prime opportunities for entrepreneurs of color to make their foray into the industry and bring nutrition, health, and prosperity to their communities.
The current global food system is massive, and it will be challenging to influence. However, the growing awareness of climate change and systemic inequity is causing people to consider a push for change. A circular farming system would reduce our negative environmental impact, while a renewed focus on nutrition would alleviate health issues and prevent starvation worldwide. Finally, equitable distribution of innovation and investment would bring access to the people who need it most.
The global food system has proven very efficient at extracting calories from the ground. But unfortunately, agricultural output growth is slowing relative to the population. With damaging effects on the environment, world nutrition, and equity—the system needs a reboot. Here are biggest problems with the current arrangement and propose some solutions.
The current global food system has been a disaster for the environment, and it promises to become more severe as the demand for food rises with the population. Food production consumes more water, nutrients, and fossil fuels than most other human activities combined. Even if the rate of resource consumption decreases relative to the global food requirement, the total drain will be astronomical.
Resources aside, the global food system releases over 70% of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. Moreover, chemical herbicides and pesticides pollute eroded land and vulnerable water, posing serious health risks to animals and humans. Finally, studies have shown that we consume many of these chemicals when we eat produce treated with them.
Industrial farming produces low-quality nutrition. The total number of calories is high enough to sustain a large population but not a healthy one. Monocropping gives the land no time to recover nutrients, and most livestock consumes feed it would not eat in nature. Therefore, much of our food is nutritionally deficient.
Even if our current system would provide nutrient-dense food, it will not be able to feed an estimated 9.6 billion people by 2050. This is because we have become more efficient in extracting calories from the Earth; however, the growth rate is slowing down. Using food crops for non-food projects like biofuels further exacerbates the problem.
Go Circular – Consider buying food from or investing in local regenerative food producers.
A small number of huge corporations dominate the global food system. They can afford engineered seeds and ultra-efficient equipment and still undercut smaller competitors. This arrangement prevents millions of people worldwide from equitable access to healthy foods and keeps many from entering the food production industry.
In addition to access, the current system distributes innovation inequitably. The fruits of technological advancement are only enjoyed on a large scale in affluent societies. Therefore, poorer countries cannot keep up. As a result, they are less likely to export their goods, and their economies and public health suffer.
Moving to a circular food production system would mitigate many environmental and social problems compounded by our current methods. The circular model favors arrangements that deindustrialize food production, relying on renewables and cutting emissions. Moreover, a circular model prioritizes local distribution systems that benefit workers and farm owners.
Unfortunately, most people do not know what a circular food system entails, and the "big ag" companies have little incentive to invest in or research circular technologies and methods. Therefore, we need to reform the incentive structure, providing education and regulation to convince these companies that a circular model is in their best interest.
Increasing the production of nutrient-dense foods would do wonders for human health and local environments worldwide. Sustainable and circular agricultural practices would preserve the health of arable soil, decrease pollution, and increase food quality.
Furthermore, such practices tend to benefit areas that have suffered most from a lack of good nutrition. For example, in places like impoverished urban centers in the U.S. and Europe, nutrient-dense foods will help alleviate disproportionately high rates of obesity, diabetes, and heart disease among people of color.
As local food production grows and benefits smaller economies, they can afford more technological innovations that can increase the total number of calories extracted from the ground without harming the environment or nutritional quality.
Over half the world's population growth between now and 2050 will occur in sub-Saharan Africa and Central Asia. Investing in innovation to produce nutritionally and calorically dense food in places like them is a much more effective proposition than growing more staples for biofuel. Furthermore, it will bring a more robust food production system to the areas that will suffer most without one.
Equitable investments and policies also have a part to play in increasing access to the food production industry. Particularly in the U.S., people of color have faced systemic discrimination when seeking agricultural employment and applying for business loans. Since urban and vertical farming are in their infancy, they are prime opportunities for entrepreneurs of color to make their foray into the industry and bring nutrition, health, and prosperity to their communities.
The current global food system is massive, and it will be challenging to influence. However, the growing awareness of climate change and systemic inequity is causing people to consider a push for change. A circular farming system would reduce our negative environmental impact, while a renewed focus on nutrition would alleviate health issues and prevent starvation worldwide. Finally, equitable distribution of innovation and investment would bring access to the people who need it most.
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